Governor



W. H. YOUNG.

GOVERNOR.

APPLICAIION FILED. MAR. 28. 191.8.

Patented July 13, 1920.

2 SHEEIS--SHEEI l.

Z z ,am a, e F

W. H. YOUNG.

GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAII. 28. 1918.

Patented July 13, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WALTER E. YOUNG, OF HIGHLAID PARK, MICHIGAN'.

Govnnivon.

inianei.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patened July 137 1920.

Application f1ed March 28, 1918.. Serial No. 225.168.

To all whom t may Concern.'

Re it known that l, llVAi/ina H. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Highland Park, in the county of lllayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful l'mprovements'in Governors, of which the following is a speciiication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to governors and refers more particularly to governors of the type capable of use in controlling the supply of fuel to internal combustion engines.

Among the objects of the invention are to provide a simple and efficient governor construction which will limit the supply of fuel when the speed of the engine exceeds a certain number of revolutions per minute; to provide a construction wherein the governing element consists primarily in a harmonic vibrator member preferably having adjustments to permit of a desired liarmonic period, the size and proportioning of the vibrator member being' so selected as to automatically bring the governor into action when the speed of the engine exceeds the desired maximum; to provide a construction which can be applied to ordinary manifolds and used in connection with gas engines and carbureters of various kinds and constructions; and in generaltol provide an accurate and comparatively simple construction which can be economically manufactured and readily applied. Y

rlfhe invention. also resides in such further features of construction and in such arrangements and combinations Vof parts as will more fully hereinafter appear.

ln the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view showing one embodiment of my'invention;

F l is a fragmentary view of a portion of Fig. l enlarged.

Fig. 2 is 'a view showing a slight modification of the construction shown in Fig. i;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l, showing another modification; f y

Fig. ell is a top plan view of Figu;

Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Figs. 3 and 4; showing still further modifications of the general type shown in Fig.4 l;

F 7 and 8 are vertical sectionalviews showing` still further modifications.

The primary or control element of a governor built in accorda-nce with my invention is an oscillator or vibrator member so placed of division or branching of the gas intake manifold, since in that position it would be acted upon from either side alternately as the gas `flow alternates to either end or branch of the manifold, as the suction of the cylinders demand it. Thus these alternations or suction impulses would be applied to the vibrator with a frequency proportional tothe speed of the engine.

Thetype of vibrator' preferably used is known to mechanics as harmonic or synchronous. lt is well known inpliysics that any vibrating' element has a natural period of vibration, and vibrations may be originated and increased in amplitude by the anplication of a relatively small force applied in the direction of swing and in synchronism with the same. TVhen using a vibrator of this type for governing purposes in the manner herein set forth, the surface upon which the gas impulses act should be so proportioned in relation to the vibratorspring tension that the vibrator will be but little disturbed at normal engine speed and will remain practically at rest; but should the speed of the engine increase tothe point where the suction impulses are applied te the vibrator at a frequency equal to the natural period of vibration, said vibrator will start to swing. Then a slight increase of engine speed will so increase the amplitude of vibrations as to bring into action the tlirottling element, thus reducing the sup-v ply of fuel to the cylinder and preventing further acceleration of engine speed. Should the speed of the engine be so reduced that the suction impulses acting upon the vibrator have a frequency less than the natural or free period of the vibrator, then the impulses and vibrator would no longer synchronize so that the latter would come to a rest, thereby opening the throttle andl giving the engine more fuel.

In the drawings I have illustrated some applications of this principle, the vibrating Ielement being shown in pendulum form,

placed in a section of the gas conduit between the carbureter andA the dividing or branching point of the gas intake manifold. In the section or block in which the governing throttle is located, the lower part of the vibrator extendsv parallel tothe direction of the gas flow but the top or free end eX tends -into the manifold a suicientdistanee to be subjected to the cross currents, caused by the suction occurring alternately in either Vbranch of the intake manifold.

VBy adjusting the proportion-of spring tension to the weight or length of the vibrator the natural period of the latter can be altered and in this way the governor can beuadjusted to act at` any desired engine speed. As the operation of this governor depends upon gas or air impulses, it is obvious that the exact constructions and locationswhich I hereinafter describein detail are not essential but can bevaried as convenience would suggest without departing from the main principle or spirit of the invention. Y

Describing in` detail the Vparticular embodiments of my invention shown in the drawings and referring for reference characters to the construction shown in Fig. 1,' Aldesignates the inlet manifold of a gas engine having at its lower end an inlet opening A and on opposite sides of its center, branch conduits A2 and A2. The lower end of the manifold is generally connected tothe carbureter but in the present constructionI interpose between the. manifold flange Band the carbureter flange B a gov'- ernor C. l

The invention broadly contemplates the provision of a new type of governor in which the supply of air from the carbureter to the engine is automatically governed by a vibrator member D formed of resilient material. At its lower end this member is carried by a bracket D while at its upper end it has an radjustable weight D2 which rcan be raised or loweredv on the threaded portion D2 so as to increase or de" crease the number of vibrations per -minute whichthe member Ywould normally make.

Byselecting the length and proportion of vibrator member and cause said member toV swing carrying with it a portion of the grate valve E and so restricting the 'gas flow at port E as to prevent excess speed of 'p the engine.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2 the Y vibrator member F in place of being formed of resilient material is pivoted at F and j normally 'held in its Vcentral position byl springs F2 and F3, the tension of which can be varied by turning the adjustment members VF4 and F5. In fact any class of springs, such as coil springs or others, can

is such that when the number of suction strokesdoes not equal` or exceed the normal vibration .of the member G it will substantially cover the stationary plate G. lVhen, however, the engine develops an excessive speed the governor member will swing so as to uncover the stationary plate `G and the pressure of the mixture upon the beveled face of the member G will then force it temporarily to the position Vshown Vin dotted lines in Fig; 3 and thus throttle the supply of fuel to the engine.

In place of having the single vibrator member such as shown in'Figs.`l, 2 and 3 I may employ the governor H, shown in Figsr and G, wherein the governor member comprises aplurality of vibrator members H', H2, H3, H4 and H5. These can be set tofvibrate at'slightly different speeds'. such forinstance as setting the members H, H2, H2, H2, and H51 to vibrate so as to close their respective valves JT, J 2, J3, J1L and J5 at speeds of 1000, 1020, 1040,'1060, and 1080. The figuresV last given are of course merely illustrative as .adjustments can be made to make the number `of vibrations for each control member of the unit approach very closely together or to actuate through relatively widelimits of vibration.

In the construction shownin Fig. 7 there is illustrated a modification wherein the vi` brating governor member IC closes abypass valve K,.whenever the speed of the engine is such aswill causeY a sufficient vibration of the member II; This will result in pressure building up in the by-pass chamber K2 and forcing the plate K2 and the main valve K2 toward the left' a sufiicient distance to throttle the supply of fuel to the'engine. Y j Y 'Y In the construction shown in'Fig. S the vibrating governor member L normally rests over the port L leadingto a diaphragm chamber M( VThe diaphragm is provided with a port 0 leading'to the chamber 0 which receives a restricted amount of air through the port O2. Said chamber acts as a kdash-pot having a steadying effect on the governor and it will of course be understood that while I have shown this dashpot construction in connectionwith the typeV of governor illustratedV in F1g.,8 the same feature could be used `in other constructions Vfor the same purpose. The diaphragm NVV is normally .held to the left by a spring Q sleeved onV the plunger Q which is connected to the plate ll which carries the throttle valve R. rllhe arrangement of parts in y this construction is such that at normal speed ot the engine the stem L3 of the vibrator member L will lie over the port L but when a predetermined speed is reached the member L Will be caused to vibrate in a manner similar to that described in connectionivith the member D in Fig. l and thus uncover the port L', allowing the suction of the engine to dran7 the diaphragm N toward the right and force the valve t to its throttle position.

illlhile l have sho'ivn and described the invention in connection with several diiierent types of control, it is obvious that in its broader aspects the invention is not limited to use with the particular modiiications suggested and that various changes in the de- -tails et construction and arrangements and combination of the vibrator member and the control mechanism can be made.

What l claim as my invention is i. rl`he combination With a. gas engine having a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a governor for such engine comprising a vibrator member acted upon alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine.

2. rlhe combination With a gas engine having a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a governor for such engine comprising a vibrator member acted upon alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said member having anormal vibrating period corresponding to the maximum speed of the engine desired.

3. rlfhe combination With a gas engine having' a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a` governor for such engine comprising a vibrator member acted upon. alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said member having a normal vibrating period corresponding to the maximum speed oi' the engine desired and arranged to throttle the supply oit fuel to the engine upon the speed of the engine exceeding the maximum desired. l

il. rlhe combination with a gas engine having a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a governor for such engine comprising' avibrator member acted upon alternately 'from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said vibrator member comprising a pendulum construction arranged to permit a normal number of vibrations corresponding to the maximum engine speed desired.

5. rlhe rcombination with a gas engine having a. number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a governor for suoli engine comprising a harmonic vibrator member acted upon alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said vibrator member comprising a pendulum having a normal number of vibrations correspondingto the maximum number of suction strokes for the engine, and throttle mechanism operated by the vibrator member upon the number .of suction strokes exceeding themaximum desired.

6. The combination With a ygas engine having a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of a governor for such engine comprising an adjustable vibrator member acted upon alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said member having a normal vibrating period corresponding to the maximum speed et the engine desired.

T. The combination with a gas engine having a number of alternating suction operations proportional to its speed, of governor tor such engine comprising a vibrator member acted upon alternately from opposite sides by the suction of the engine, said vibrator member comprising an adjustable pendulum construction Which can be set to have a normal number of vibrations corresponding to the maximum engine speed desired;

8. The combination with a gas engine, and a suction conduit leading thereto, of a throttling means in said conduit comprising a plurality of independently operable valves, and automatic means for successively closing said valves upon predetermined increases of speed.

9. The combination with a gas engine and a suction conduit leading thereto, of throttling means in said conduit comprising a plurality of valves, and individual vibratory governors for said valves, having different rates' of vibration'ivhereby they act upon their valves successively and at predetermined engine speeds.

l0. rlhe combination with a gas engine .having periodic suction operation, the rate of which is proportional to the engine speed, olf a governor for such an engine comprising a vibrator member deriving alternating reversed periodic impulses from the section of the engine.

ll. The combination with a gas engine having periodic suction operation, the rate et which is proportional to the engine speed, of a governor for such an engine comprising a vibrator member having a normal vibrating period corresponding to the maximum speed of the engine desired, said member deriving periodic impulses from suction of the engine.

l2. The combination Witha gas engine having periodic suction operation, the rate of which is proportional to the engine speed,

.4: ifiaseiY of a governor for such engine comprising a vibrator member having a normal vibrating period corresponding vto the'maximum speed of the engine, said member deriving periodic impulses. from the engine suction,

. and being arranged to throttle the supply of `fuel to the Vengine upon a speed thereof exceeding the maximum desired. f

yl. The combination With a gas engine having periodic suction operatiointhe rate of 'which is proportional to the engine speed,

of a governor for such engine comprising a vibrator member deriving periodic impulses from suction of the engine, said member comprising a pendulum construction arranged to permit a normal number of vibrations corresponding to the maximum engine speed desired.V

14. The combination With a gas engine Vhaving periodic suction operation, the rate responding to the maximum number ofsucmechanism operated by the vibratormember upon the number o suction strokes ex'-V ceeding the' maximum desired. v

l5. The combination with a gasengine havi'ng periodic suction operation, the rate of which is proportional to the engine speed, of'a governorV for such engine comprising an adjustable vibrator member deriving periodic impulses from the engine suction, said memberV having. a normal vibrating period corresponding to the maximum speed of the engine desired.

16. The combination .With a gas engine having periodic suction operation, the rate of which is proportional to the engine speed, of a governor. for such engine comprising a vibrator member deriving periodic impulses from suction of the engine, said member comprising anV adjustable pendulum con-V struction Which-.can beset to have a normal number. of vibrations 'corresponding tothe 

